fn6429 rev 1.00 page 1 of 8 february 22, 2007 fn6429 rev 1.00 february 22, 2007 ISL9201 li-ion battery charger datasheet the ISL9201 is an integrated sing le-cell li-ion or li-polymer charger capable of operating a t an input voltage as low as 2.5v. the low operating voltage allows the charger to work with a variety of ac adapters. the ISL9201 operates as a l inear charger when the ac adapter is a voltage source. the battery is charged in a standard li-ion charge profile, i.e. a constant current phase followed be a constant voltage phase (cc/cv). the charge current during the constant current phase is determined by the external resistor connec ted to the iref pin. when the adapter output is a current-lim ited voltage source and the current limit is smaller than the programmed constant current of the ic, the ISL9201 operates as a pulse charger where the charge current is determined by the current limit of the ac adapter during the c onstant current phase. the ISL9201 operates in a linear m ode during the constant voltage phase in both adapter cases. the ISL9201 incorporates thermaguard tm , which protects the ic against over-temperature. if the die temperature rises above a typical value of +1 10 c, the thermal foldback function reduces the charge current to prevent further temperature rise. the ISL9201 also includes a timer to set the time reference f or the delay time o f the end-of-charge (eoc) and recharge indications. the timer is programmable with an external capac itor. a logic input and an open-drain logic output are available for controlling the charger and indicating the charger status. the en pin enables the charger. the status pin is an open-drain output which turns on when the charger is delivering current. the charger uses a 10 ld 3x3 dfn package to maximize thermal conductivity. features ? complete charger for single-c ell li-ion/polymer batteries ? integrated pass elemen t and current sensor ? no external blocking diode required ? low component count and cost ? 25mv voltage accuracy over-temperature and input voltage range ? 20mv voltage accuracy at room temperature ? programmable charge current ? charge current thermal foldback for thermal protection (thermaguard tm ) ? trickle charge for fully discharged batteries ? power presence and charge/eoc indications ? less than 4a leakage curr ent off the battery when no input power attached or charger disabled ? ambient temperature range: -40c to +85c ? dfn package ? pb-free plus anneal available (rohs compliant) applications ? mobile phones ? blue-tooth devices ? pdas ? mp3 players ? stand-alone cradle or travel chargers ? other handheld devices pinout ISL9201 (10 ld dfn) top view ordering information part number part marking temp. range (c) package (pb-free) pkg dwg. # ISL9201irz dlga -40 to +85 10 ld 3x3 dfn l10.3x3 ISL9201irz-t dlga -40 to +85 10 ld 3x3 dfn tape & reel l10.3x3 note: intersil pb-free plus anneal products employ special pb-fr ee material sets; molding compounds/d ie attach materials and 100% matte tin plate termination finish, which are rohs compliant an d compatible with both snpb and pb-free soldering operations. int ersil pb-free products are msl clas sified at pb-free peak reflow temperatures that meet or exceed the pb-free requirements of ipc/jedec j std-020. 1 2 3 4 5 10 9 8 7 6 vbat vsen iref v2p8 en vin gnd status time gnd not recommended for new designs no recommended replacement contact our technical support center at 1-888-intersil or ww w.intersil.com/tsc
ISL9201 fn6429 rev 1.00 page 2 of 8 february 22, 2007 typical applications pin description vin (pin 1) vin is the input power source . connect to a wall adapter. gnd (pin 2) gnd is the connection to system ground. status (pin 3) status is an open-drain output indicating charging and inhibit states. the status pin is pulled low when the charger is charging a battery. it will be t urned into high impedance when the charge current drops to im in. this high impedance state will be latched until a recharge cycle or a new charge cycle starts. when the charger is disabled, the status pin outputs high impedance. time (pin 4) the time pin determines the oscillation period by connecting a timing capacitor between this pin and gnd. the oscillator also provides a time refere nce for the charger. gnd (pin 5) gnd is the connection to system ground. en (pin 6) en is the enable logic input. connect the en pin to high to disable the charger. connect the en pin to low or leave it floating to enable the charge r. there is an internal 400k ? pull- down resistor at this pin. v2p8 (pin 7) this is a 2.8v reference volta ge output. this pin provides a 2.8v voltage source when the in put voltage is above the por threshold and outputs 0v other wise. the v2p8 pin can be used as an indication for adapter presence. iref (pin 8) this is the charge current pr ogramming and monitoring pin. connect a resistor between this pin and gnd to set the charge current during the constant current phase, as given by equation 1: where r iref is in k ? . vsen (pin 9) vsen is the remote vol tage sense pin. co nnect this pin as close to the battery positive terminal as possi ble. if the vsen pin is left floating, its voltage drops to 0v and the charger operates in trickle mode. vbat (pin 10) vbat is the connection to the battery. typically a 10f tantalum capacitor is needed fo r stability when there is no battery attached. when a battery is atta ched, only a 0.1f ceramic capacitor is required. v2p8 en gnd vbat iref vin 5v wall adapter pack time c 1 1f 1k ? r 1 c 2 1f 4.7f c 3 r iref 100k ? c time 15nf d 1 vsen r 1 r battery ISL9201irz r 1 1 ? status i ref 80 r iref ----------------- = (eq. 1) (a)
ISL9201 fn6429 rev 1.00 page 3 of 8 february 22, 2007 absolute maximum ratings thermal information voltage ratings for all pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.3v to 7v charge current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0a esd rating human body model (per eia jesd22 method a114-b) . . . . .2kv machine model (per eia jed-4701 method c-111) . . . . . . . 200 v recommended operating conditions ambient temperature range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- 40c to +85c operating supply voltage (vin pin). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.25v to 6.5v programmed charge current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50ma to 900ma thermal resistance ? ja ( c / w ) ? jc ( c / w ) 3x3 dfn package (note 1) . . . . . . . . . 48 6 maximum junction temperat ure (plastic package). . . . . . . . +1 50c maximum storage temperature range . . . . . . . . .-65c to +1 50c maximum lead temperature (soldering 10s) . . . . . . . . . . . . +300c caution: stresses above those listed in ?absolute maximum ratings? may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress o nly rating and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. + 150c max junction temperature is for information purposes only. in reality, the current foldback feature will prevent the junc tion from rising above the typical temperature of +110c. 1. ? ja is measured in free air with the component mounted on a high e ffective thermal conductivity t est board with "direct attach" f eatures. see tech brief tb379. 2. for ? jc , the case temp location is the center of the exposed metal p ad on the package underside. electrical s pecifications typical values are tested at v in = 5v and t a = +25c. all maximum and minimum values are guaranteed under the recommended operating supply voltage range and ambien t temperature range, unless otherwise noted. parameter symbol test conditions min typ max units power-on reset rising por threshold v por v bat = 3.0v, use v2p8 pin to indicate the comparator output. 3.2 3.6 3.9 v falling por threshold v por 2.25 2.5 2.7 v vin-bat offset voltage rising edge v os v bat = 4.2v, i bat = 20ma, use status pin to indicate the comparator output (note 3) 45 80 100 mv standby current bat pin sink current i standby charger disabled or the input is floating - - 3.3 a vin pin supply current i vin charger disabled - 150 250 a vin pin supply current i vin charger enabled - 1.0 - ma voltage regulation output voltage v ch tested at 50ma load, 5v input and +25c 4.180 4.20 4.220 v output voltage v ch -40c < t a < +85c, 4.3v < v in < 6.5v 4.175 4.20 4.225 v pmos on resistance r ds(on) v bat = 4.0v, charge current = 0.35a - 500 - m ? charge current (note 4) constant charge current i cc v in = 5v, r iref = 887k ? , v bat = 3.0v to 4.0v 60 90 120 ma v in = 5v, r iref = 100k ? , v bat = 3.0v to 4.0v 725 800 840 ma trickle charge current i trk v in = 5v, r iref = 800k ? , v bat = 0v to 2.5v 6 10 14 ma v in = 5v, r iref = 100k ? , v bat = 0v to 2.5v 64 80 96 ma end-of-charge current i min r iref = 100k ? 60 80 105 ma v2p8 pin output v2p8 pin output voltage v v2p8 load current less than 1ma 2.8 2.9 3.0 v charge thresholds preconditioning charge threshold voltage v min 2.7 2.8 2.9 v preconditioning voltage hysteresis v minhys 50 100 150 mv
ISL9201 fn6429 rev 1.00 page 4 of 8 february 22, 2007 recharge threshold v rch referenced to the charger output voltage v ch -225 -150 -70 mv recharge threshold hysteresis v rchhys -50-mv internal temperature monitoring charge current foldback threshold t fold 110 c oscillator oscillation period t osc c time = 15nf 2.7 3.0 3.3 ms logic input and outputs en pin logic input high 1.3 - - v en pin logic input low --0.5v en pin internal pull down resistance 200 400 600 k ? status output voltage when on 10ma current - - 0.8 v status leakage current v status = 6.5v - - 1 a note: 3. the 4.2v v bat is selected so that the status output can be used as the indication for the offset comparator output indication. if the v bat is lower than the por threshold, no output pin can be used for ind ication. 4. the charge current can be affected by the thermal foldback fu nction if the ic under the test setup cannot dissipate the heat . electrical s pecifications typical values are tested at v in = 5v and t a = +25c. all maximum and minimum values are guaranteed under the recommended operating supply voltage range and ambien t temperature range, unless otherwise noted. (continued) parameter symbol test conditions min typ max units
ISL9201 fn6429 rev 1.00 page 5 of 8 february 22, 2007 functional block diagram (16 ld option) logic status i sen vin vbat 100000:1 current mirror counter + - + - v min + - + - v ch iref + - recharge minbat v rechrg ca va min_i i r i sen i min chrg status + - + - input_ok v por trickle/fast references v2p8 temperature monitoring current references i t time osc gnd vin v ch v min v por v rechrg q main q sen r iref c 1 = i r /10 vsen + 80mv - en input_ok esd diode gnd c time
ISL9201 fn6429 rev 1.00 page 6 of 8 february 22, 2007 theory of operation the ISL9201 is an integrated charger for single-cell li-ion or li- polymer batteries. the ISL9201 i s capable of operating in two operation modes; linear charge mode and pulse charge mode. the ISL9201 functions as a traditional linear charger when powered with a voltage source adapter. when powered with a current-limited adapt er, the charger functions as a pulse charger by fully turning on th e pass element and the power dissipation is hence drastically reduced. constant current phase the ISL9201 starts the charge at a constan t current (cc) phase. the charge current is r egulated to fast charge the battery before the final voltage has been reac hed. the charge current is programmable with the iref pin and has two operation modes: trickle mo de and constant current mode, depending on the batter y voltage. when the battery voltage is lower than 2.8v, the charger o perates in trickle mode where the charge current is set at 10% of the constant current mode current. the trickle mode is f or preconditioning a deeply discharged battery. once the battery voltage is above the typical 2.8v threshold, the constant curren t (cc) mode starts. the constant current is prog rammable between 50ma to 1a. constant voltage phase when the battery reaches the final voltage, the ISL9201 switches the operati on to a constant voltage (cv) phase. the output voltage is regulated at the final voltage value. during the constant voltage phase, the c harge current reduces gradually as the cell voltage rises. charge termination and recharge as the charge current reaches t he eoc (end of charge) current threshold during the consta nt voltage phase, the status pin open-drain fet is turned off to indicate an eoc condition. the eoc current is fixed at 10% o f the programmed constant charge current. wh en the eoc conditi on is reached, the status pin is latched at logic high, the charger, however, will continue to charge t he battery until the en pin is pulled to logic high or the input power has been removed. when the battery voltage falls to 150mv below the constant voltage value, the status latch will be reset and open-drain fet is turned on to indicate a charging condition again. an internal delay is implemented at the status pin for both eo c and recharge conditions to prevent nuisance trips due to noise and fast load current transitions. the delay ti me is approximately one clock cycle (varies between 0.5 and 1.5 clock) of the internal oscillator, which is programmed by the timer capacitor. the typical charge waveforms in fi gure 1 show the complete cycle operation. thermal foldback in the event where the die temperature reaches the thermal foldback threshold (+110c ty pical), the charge current is reduced accordingly to prev ent further temperature rise. por the power-on reset (por) function monitors the supply voltage. the por has a rising edge threshold of 3.6v typical and 2.5v typical for falling edge. the charger is expected to operate when the input voltage is above the por threshold. after por the charger will c ontinue to operate for supply voltage down to 2.5v typical. it is also required that the supp ly voltage be higher than the vbat pin voltage by a typical 80mv for the charger to function. oscillator the ISL9201 incorporates with a n oscillation circuit using an external timing capacitor c onnected to the time pin. the oscillator sets the delay time for the status indication for eoc and recharge conditions to prevent nuisance trip due to in-rush currents. indications the ISL9201 has an open-drai n status indication pin. the status pin requires an external pu ll-up resistor to function properly. the v2p8 pin can be used as the presence of ac adapter. charger disable the en pin allows the user to di sable the charger. when the charger is disabled, all internal circuits are shut down and th e quiescent current at the input p in is less than 150a typical. remote battery voltage sensing a kelvin sense pin is provided for battery terminal voltage monitoring. thus, the ir drop due to the connection leads and pcb traces can be eliminated, r esulting in a more accurate battery voltage monitoring, es pecially when the battery is located at a significant dist ance away from the ISL9201. if remote sensing is not needed, the vsen pin can be connected to vbat at the ic. applications information pcb layout guidance the ISL9201 uses a thermally-enhanced dfn package that has an exposed thermal pad at the bottom side of the package. i ref trickle cc cv i min 4.2v time 2.8v chg charge current charge voltage status indication v rec 10% i ref figure 1. typical charge cycle with timeout
fn6429 rev 1.00 page 7 of 8 february 22, 2007 ISL9201 intersil products are manufactured, assembled and tested utilizing iso9001 quality systems as noted in the quality certifications found at www.intersil.com/en/suppor t/qualandreliability.html intersil products are sold by description on ly. intersil may modify the circuit design an d/or specifications of products at any time without notice, provided that such modification does not, in intersil's sole judgment, affect the form, fit or function of the product. accordingly, the reader is cautioned to verify that datasheets are current before placing orders. information fu rnished by intersil is believed to be accu rate and reliable. however, no responsib ility is assumed by intersil or its subsidiaries for its use; nor for any infrin gements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of intersil or its subsidiaries. for information regarding intersil corporation and its products, see www.intersil.com for additional products, see www.intersil.com/en/products.html ? copyright intersil americas llc 2007. all rights reserved. all trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. the layout should connect as m uch as possibl e to copper on the exposed pad. typically, t he component layer is more effective in dissipating heat. t he thermal impedance can be further reduced by using other l ayers of copper connecting to the exposed pad through a ther mal via array. a minimum of four (4) such thermal vias are recommended. each thermal via is recommended to have 0.3mm diameter and 0.7mm distance from other thermal vias. stability consideration the ISL9201 should be have like a current and thermal limited linear regulator. the charger oper ation is stable with an outpu t ceramic decoupling capacitor in the range of 1f to 200f, with or without a battery connected. input bypass capacitor due to the inductance of the power leads of the wall adapter or usb source, the input capacitor type must be properly selected to prevent high voltage transi ent during a hot -plug event. a tantalum capacitor is a good choice for its high esr, providing damping to the voltage transi ent. multi-layer ceramic capacitors, however, have a ve ry low esr and hence when chosen as input capacitor, a 1- ? series resistor must be used, as shown in the typical applic ations on page 2, to provide adequate damping. state machine diagram the state machine diagram is shown in figure 2. the diagram starts with the power-off state . when the input voltage rises above the por threshold, the charger resets itself. then, if th e charger is disabled, the charge r stays in the charger disabled state. if the charger is enabled , the trickle charge starts. anytime when v bat is above the preconditioning charge threshold voltage, the charger e nters the fast charge state. when v bat reaches 4.2v, the char ger enters a constant voltage state where v bat is regulated at 4 .2v. when the charge current decays to the i min threshold, the status indicates an eoc condition. thi s condition is latched until either the en pin is toggled or a por condition has occurred at v in . trickle charge charger: on status : on fault: off fast charge charger: on status: on fault: off charge complete charger: on status : off fault: off v in > v por and i chg < i min v bat drops below v min charger disabled charger : off status: off fault: off enabled anytime changes to disable pwr off charger: off status : off fault: off not enabled por charger: off status : off fault: off en pin v bat > v min v bat < v rch v bat > v rch figure 2. state machine diagram
ISL9201 fn6429 rev 1.00 page 8 of 8 february 22, 2007 dual flat no-lead plastic package (dfn) d e a b 0.10 mc e 0.415 c section "c-c" nx (b) (a1) 2x c 0.15 0.15 2x b nx l ref. (nd-1)xe 5 a c (datum b) d2 d2/2 e2 e2/2 top view 7 bottom view 5 6 index area 8 ab nx k 6 index area (datum a) 12 n-1 n nx b 8 nx b nx l 0.200 c a seating plane 0.08 c a3 side view 0.10 c l10.3x3 10 lead dual flat no-lead plastic package symbol millimeters notes min nominal max a 0.80 0.90 1.00 - a1 - - 0.05 - a3 0.20 ref - b 0.18 0.23 0.28 5,8 d 3.00 bsc - d2 1.95 2.00 2.05 7,8 e 3.00 bsc - e2 1.55 1.60 1.65 7,8 e 0.50 bsc - k0.25 - - - l0.30 0.35 0.40 8 n102 nd 5 3 rev. 3 6/04 notes: 1. dimensioning and tolerancing conform to asme y14.5-1994. 2. n is the number of terminals. 3. nd refers to the number of terminals on d. 4. all dimensions are in millimeters. angles are in degrees. 5. dimension b applies to the meta llized terminal and is measured between 0.15mm and 0.30mm from the terminal tip. 6. the configuration of the pin #1 identifier is optional, but must be located within the zone indicated. the pin #1 identifier may be either a mold or mark feature. 7. dimensions d2 and e2 are fo r the exposed pads which provide improved electrical and thermal performance. 8. nominal dimensions are prov ided to assist with pcb land pattern design efforts, see intersil technical brief tb389. for odd terminal/side c l e terminal tip l c c
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